Introduction
We would like to thank everyone who has contributed to the creation of this bibliography. If you come across a literature reference that is not in this list, please mail it to helpdesk@nullkeac.nl.
Authors are also invited to mail or to send their publications, following which we will then include them in the list.

Andersen, D.J. en G.G. Shaw (1974) Hyperglycemia produced by the polyamines spermine and spermidine. Br. J. Pharm. 52, 205-211.
Anderson, K.E. (1992) The porphyrias. In: Cecil Textbook of Medicine. Wijngaarden e.a. red. Saunders, Philadelphia.
Anonymus (1973) The “mauve factor” in schizophrenia. (Author unknown) Medical World News p. 49, 14 December 1973.
Anonymus (2003) An epidemiological study on the relationship between selenium and thyroid function in areas with different iodine intake. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Chinese Medical Journal no. X, dec. 2003) 83, 2036-2039.
Atamna H, Killilea DW, Killilea AN, et al. (2002) Heme deficiency may be a factor in the mitochondrial and neuronal decay of aging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 99, 14807-14812.
Audhya, T. (2002) Defeat Autism now (DAN). Conference San Diego California, 25 October 2002.
Awruch J, Frydman B. (1973) Peracid oxidation of 2,4-dimethyl-3-ethylpyrrole (kryptopyrrole). Tetrahedron Letters 28, 2611-2614.
Berek I, Huszak I, Durko I. (1975) The effect of kryptopyrrole on the porphyrin auxotrophic strains of bacillus subtilis. Experientia 31, 185.
Bibus, D.G., R.T. Holman et W.J. Walsh (2000) Fatty acid profiles of schizophrenic phenotypes. 91st. AOCS Annual Meeting and Expo, San Diego, California.
Bonnet, P.L., C.C. Pfeiffer et B.J. Aston (1980) Copper, the ABO blood system and the schizophrenias. Brain Bio Center, 1980.
Brame, C.J. , R.G. Salomon, J.D. Morrow en J.L. Roberts (1999) Identification of extremely reactive ketoaldehydes (isolevuglandins) as product of the isoprostane pathway and characterization of their lysyl protein adducts. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 13139-13146.
Brodie, M.J., D.J. Graham, G.G. Thompson, M.R. Moore en A. Goldberg (1976) The porphyrinogenic effect of kryptopyrrole in the rat and the occurence of urinary kryptopyrrole in human hereditary hepatic porphyria. Clin. Sci. Mol. Med. 50, 431-434.
Brown, G.M. e.a. (1969) A re-evaluation of glucose tolerance in schizophrenias. J. Psychiat. Res. 6, 261-270.
Busnel, J. (1999) Bekkeninstabiliteit. Van Holkema & Warendorf, 97 pp.
Chugh, T.O., R.K. Dhingra, R.C. Gulati en J.C. Bathla (1973) Copper metabolism in schizophrenia. Int. J. Med. Res. 61, 1147-1152.
Clift S. A complete guide to pyroluria. (Submitted as coursework for the Nutrition Consultants Diploma, Institute for Optimum Nutrition, 1996)
Closs, K., N. Wad en E. Ose (1967) The “pink spot” in schizophrenia. Nature 214(87), 483.
Cruz, R. en W.H. Vogel (1978) Pyroluria: a poor marker in chronic schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 135, 1239-1240.
Cutler, M.G., D.J. Graham en M.R. Moore (1990) The mauve factor of porphyria, 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-delta-3-pyrroline-2-one: effects on behaviour of rats and mice. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 66, 66-68.
Cutler P. Pyridoxine and trace element therapy in selected clinical cases. (1974) Journal of Orthomolecular Psychiatry 3, 89-95, 1974.
Donnay, A. en G.E. Ziem (1995) Protocol for evaluating disorder of porphyrin in chemically sensitive patients. MCS Referral & Resources, Baltimore.
Denson R. (1968) Lysergide therapy and the mauve factor. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 44, 280-288.
Dühring, C. (1996) Toward a unifying metabolic factor for MCS. Our toxic times 7, 15.
Durko, I, I. Berek en I. Husak (1975) Effects of kryptopyrrole on porphyrin synthesis in Bacillus subtilis 168. Hoppe-Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem. 356, 1679-1684.
Durko I, Berek I, Huszak I. (1976) On complex formation between haem and oxidation products of kryptopyrrole, as a possible explanation for enhanced porphyrin synthesis of bacillus subtilis 168 strain. Proceedings of the International Congress of Biochemistry 10, 104.
Durko I, Engelhardt J, Szilard J, et al. (1984) The effect of haemodialysis on the excretion of the mauve factor in schizophrenia. Journal of Orthomolecular Psychiatry 13, 222-232.
Edelman E. (1996) Natural Healing for Schizophrenia, Borage Books, Eugene, Oregon.
Ellman, G.L., R.T. Jones, en R.C. Rychert (1968) Mauve spot and schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 125, 849-851.
Evans, G.W. (1980) Normal and abnormal zinc absorption in man and animals. Nut. Reviews 38, 137-141.
Frydman RB, Tomaro ML, Wanschelbaum A, et al. (1972) The enzymatic oxidation of porphobilinogen. FEBS Letters, 203-206.
Gebel, L. (1973) Occurrence of the mauve factor in schizophrenia. Psychiatr. Pol. 7, 153-159.
Gendler, P.L., H.A. Duhan en H. Rapoport (1978) Hemopyrrole and kryptopyrrole are absent from the urine of schizophrenics and normal persons. Clin. Chem. 24, 230-233.
Goddijn-Wessel, T.A.W. (1996) Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for placental abruption or infarction. Eur. J. Obst. Gynecol. Repr. Biol. 66, 23-29.
Gorchein, A. (1980) Urine concentration of 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl[delta-3-]pyrrolin-2-one (‘mauve factor’) is not causally related to schizofrenia or to acute intermittent porphyria. Clin. Science 58, 469-476.
Gorchein, A., L.D. Mitchell en A.T. Rogers (1979) Pharmalogical properties of kryptopyrrole and its oxidation products on isolated sciatic nerve of rat and on guinia-pig ileum. Br. J. Pharmacol. 65, 23-27.
Gorchein, A. en A.T. Rogers (1979) The ‘Mauve factor’ of schizophrenia and porphyria, 5-hydroxyhaemopyrrole lactam, has low pharmalogical potency on guina-pig ileum. Experienta 35, 1078-1079.
Gorchein A., Mitchell L.D. en Rogers AT. Pharmacological properties of kryptopyrrole and its oxidation products on isolated sciatic nerve of rat and on guinea-pig ileum. British Journal of Pharmacology 65, 23-27, 1979.
Gorchein A. en Rogers A.T. The ‘mauve factor’ of schizophrenia and porphyria, 5-hydroxyhaemopyrrole lactam, has low pharmacological potency on guinea-pig ileum. Experientia 35, 1078-1079, 1979.
Gorchein A. Urine concentration of 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-[delta 3]-pyrrolin-2-one (‘mauve factor’) is not causally related to schizophrenia or to acute intermittent porphyria. Clinical Science 58, 469-476, 1980.
Graaf, T. de, H. van Rossum (2000) Hebt u HPU?; de ontdekking van een vrouwenziekte. Mix Media, Harderwijk, 205 pp.
Graff, H. en A. Hanford (1961) Celiac syndrome in the case history of five schizophrenics. Psychiatric Quarterly 35, 306-313.
Graham D.J.M, Moore M.R., Thompson G.G., et al. (1976) The effect of 4-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-[delta 3]-pyrrolin-2-one on porphyrin synthesis in the rat. Biochemical Society Transactions (Great Britain) 4, 1089-1091.
Graham D.J.M., Thompson G.G., Moore M.R., et al. (1977) The effect of 4-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-[delta 3]-pyrrolin-2-one on haem metabolism in the rat. Biochemical Society Transactions, (507^th Meeting, Cardif) 5, 1468-1470.
Graham D.J.M., Brodie M.J., Moore M.R., et al. (1977) Quantitation of a urinary pyrrolic metabolite found in excess in acute intermittent porphyria. Scottish Medical Journal 22, 243.
Graham D.J.M. (1978) Quantitative determination of 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-[delta 3]-pyrrolin-2-one in urine using gas-liquid chromatrography. Clinica Chimica Acta 85, 205-210.
Graham D.J.M., Brodie M.J., McColl K.E.L., et al. (1979) Quantitation of 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-[delta 3]-pyrrolin-2-one in the urine of patients with acute intermittent porphyria. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 9, 49-53.
Graham D.J.M., Thompson G.G., Moore M.R., et al. (1979) The effects of selected monopyrroles on various aspects of heme biosynthesis and degradation in the rat. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 197, 132-138.
Grinstein, M., M.F. de Sancovich en H.A. Sancovich (1978) The isolation of another new compound from the urine of humans with porphyria cutanea tarda. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 543, 583-585.
Hallert, C. en G. Sedvall (1983) Improvement in cntral monoamine metabolism in adult coeliac patiënt starting gluten-free diet. Psychological Medicine 13, 267-271.
Hatch T, Lascelles J. (1972) Accumulation of porphobilinogen and other pyrroles by mutant and wild type Rhodopseudomonas speroides: regulation by heme. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 150, 147-153.
Hamfelt A., Wetterberg L. (1969) Pyridoxal phosphate in acute intermittent porphyria. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 166, 361-364, 1969.
Heleniak, E.P. en S.W. Lamola (1986) A new prostaglandin disturbance syndrome in schizophrenia: delta-6-pyroluria. Med. Hypotheses 19, 333-338.
Heufelder, A.E. (2001) Kryptopyrrolurie. Comed 2001, 5.
Heufelder, A.E. (2002) Kryptopyrrolurie. Orthomolecular Medizin 25, 110-111.
Hinshaw C.T. (1981) Urinary pyrrole (mauve factor malvaria, pyrroluria, kryptopyrrole). Review, (Bimonthly publication: The Olive W. Garvey Center for the Improvement of Human Functioning, Wichita, September 1981.
Hoffer, A. (1962) Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in treatment of schizophrenia. In: Niacin therapy in psychiatry. C.C. Thomans, Springfield, Illinouis.
Hoffer A. (1963) The presence of malvaria in some mentally retarded children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency 67, 730-732.
Hoffer A. (1965) A comparison of psychiatric inpatients and outpatients and malvaria. International Journal of Neuropsychiatry 1,430-432.
Hoffer A. (1965) Malvaria, schizophrenia and the HOD test. International Journal of Neuropsychiatry 2, 175-178.
Hoffer A. (1965) D-Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a review of its present status. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 6, 183-255.
Hoffer, A. (1966) The presence of malvaria in some mentally retarded children. Amer. J. Ment. Def. 67, 730-732.
Hoffer, A. (1966) Malvaria and the law. Psychosomatics 7, 303-310.
Hoffer, A. (1967) A program for the treatment of alcoholism: LSD, malvaria and nicotinic acid. In: The use of LSD in psychotherapy and alcoholism. H.A. Abramson, editor; Bobbs-Merril, New York, Howard W. Sams and Co., Inc, Indianapolis; pp. 343-406.
Hoffer, A. (1967) Treatment of schizophrenia with a therapeutic program based upon nicotinic acid as the main variable. In: Molecular basis of some aspects of mental activity. Vol. II. O. Walaas, ed. Academic Press, New York.
Hoffer, A. (1970) The psychophysiology of cancer. J. Astma Research 8, 61-76.
Hoffer, A. (1971) Megavitamin B3 therapy for schizophrenia. Can. Psychiatric Assoc. J. 16, 499-504.
Hoffer, A. (1972) Treatment of hyperkinetic children with nicotinamide and pyridoxine. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 107, 111-112.
Hoffer, A. (1973) Mechanism of action of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in the treatment of schizophrenia. In Orthomolecular Psychiatry, eds. Hawkins D, Pauling L. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco. pp. 202-262, 1973.
Hoffer, A. (1976) Natural history and treatment of thirteen pairs of identical twins, schizophrenic and schizophrenic-spectrum conditions. J. Orthomolecular Psychiatry 5, 101-122.
Hoffer, A. (1979) Behavioral nutrition. Journal of Orthomolecular psychiatry 8,169-175.
Hoffer, A. (1983) Nutrition and behavior. In: Medical Applications of Clinical Nutrition, Bland J., editor, Keats Publishing, New Canaan, Connecticut; pp. 222-268, 1983.
Hoffer, A. (1989) Orthomolecular medicine for physicians. Keats Pub., New Canaan, Connecticut.
Hoffer, A. (1991) Orthomolecular medicine. In: Molecules in natural science and medicine, an encomium for Linus Pauling. Z.B. Maksic en M. Eckert-Maksic, ed. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex. Great Brittain.
Hoffer, A. (1994) Vitamin B3 and schizophrenia: discovery, recovery, controversy. Quarry Press, Kingston, Ontaria.
Hoffer, A. (1994) Chronic schizophrenic patients treated ten years or more. J. Orthomolecular Medicine 9, 7-37.Hoffer, A. (1995) The discovery of kryptopyrrole and its importance in diagnosis of biochemical imbalances in schizophrenia and in criminal behavior. Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 10, 3-7.
Hoffer, A. en M.J. Callbeck (1957) The hypocholesterolemic effect of nicotinic acid its relationship to the autonomic nervous system. J. Ment. Science 103, 810-820.
Hoffer, A. en M.J. Callbeck (1959) Effect of nicotinic acid on liver function and leucocytes. Can. Med. Ass. J. 80, 736-737.
Hoffer, A. en M.J. Callbeck (1960) Drug-induced schizophrenia. J. Ment. Science 106, 138-159.
Hoffer, A. P.O. O’Reilly en M.J. Callbeck (1959) Specificity of the hypocholestrolemic activity of nicotinic acid. Dis. Nerv. Syst. 20, 286-288.
Hoffer, A., H. Osmond, M.J. Callbeck en I. Kahan (1957) Treatment of schizophrenia with nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. J. Clin. Exp. Psychopathol. 18, 131-158.
Hoffer A. en Mahon M. (1961) The presence of unidentified substances in the urine of psychiatric patients. Journal of Neuropsychiatry 2, 331-362.
Hoffer A. en H. Osmond (1962) The association between schizophrenia and two objective tests. Canadian Medicial Association Journal 87, 641-646.
Hoffer, A, en H. Osmond (1963) Malvaria: a new psychiatric disease. Acta Psychiat. Scand. 39, 335-366.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1964) Treatment of schizofrenia with nicotinic acid – A ten year follow-up. Acta Psychiat. Scand. 40, 171-189.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1961) The relationship between an unknown factor (US) in the urine of subjects and HOD test results. J. Neuropsychiatry 2, 363-368.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1962) The association between schizofrenia and two onjective tests. Can. Med. Ass. J. 87, 641-646.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1963) Malviaria: A new psychiatric disease. Acta Psychiat. Scand. 39, 335-366.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1963) Malvaria: a new psychiatric disease. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 39, 335-366.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1966) How to live with schizophrenia. University Books, New York.
Hoffer, A. en H. Osmond (1967) The hallucinogens, Academic Press, New York.
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Irvine D.G. (1969) Identification of kryptopyrrole in human urine and its relation to psychosis. Nature 224, 811-813.
Irvine D.G. (1973) Kryptopyrrole in molecular psychiatry. In: Orthomolecular Psychiatry, eds. Hawkins D, Pauling L. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco; pp. 146-178.
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